SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and inherited arrhythmia syndromes
Identifieur interne : 000191 ( 2020/Analysis ); précédent : 000190; suivant : 000192SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and inherited arrhythmia syndromes
Auteurs : Cheng-I. Wu [Pays-Bas] ; Pieter G. Postema [Pays-Bas] ; Elena Arbelo ; Elijah R. Behr [Royaume-Uni] ; Connie R. Bezzina [Pays-Bas] ; Carlo Napolitano [Italie] ; Tomas Robyns [Belgique] ; Vincent Probst [France] ; Eric Schulze-Bahr [Allemagne] ; Carol Ann Remme [Pays-Bas] ; Arthur A. M. Wilde [Pays-Bas]Source :
- Heart Rhythm [ 1547-5271 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Ever since the first case was reported at the end of 2019, the SARS-COV-2 virus and associated lung disease COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and has become a pandemic. In particular, the high transmission rate of the virus has made it a threat to public health globally. Currently, there is no proven effective therapy against the virus, and the impact on other diseases is also uncertain, especially inherited arrhythmia syndrome.
Arrhythmogenic effect of COVID-19 can be expected, potentially contributing to disease outcome. This may be of importance for patients with an increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias, either secondary to acquired conditions or co-morbidities or consequent to inherited syndromes. Management of patients with inherited arrhythmia syndromes such as Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Short QT syndrome and Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic may prove particularly challenging. Depending on the inherited defect involved, these patients may be susceptible to pro-arrhythmic effects of COVID-19-related issues such as fever, stress, electrolyte disturbances and use of antiviral drugs. We here describe the potential COVID-19 associated risks and therapeutic considerations for patients with distinct inherited arrhythmia syndromes and provide recommendations, pending local possibilities, for their monitoring and management during this pandemic.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.03.024
PubMed: 32244059
PubMed Central: 7156157
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Belgique, France, Italie, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni
- Angleterre, District de Münster, Grand Londres, Hollande-Septentrionale, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie
- Amsterdam, Londres, Münster
- Université d'Amsterdam
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Wu</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Postema, Pieter G" sort="Postema, Pieter G" uniqKey="Postema P" first="Pieter G." last="Postema">Pieter G. 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Bezzina</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Napolitano, Carlo" sort="Napolitano, Carlo" uniqKey="Napolitano C" first="Carlo" last="Napolitano">Carlo Napolitano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Molecular Cardiology and Medicine Division, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Cardiology and Medicine Division, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pavia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robyns, Tomas" sort="Robyns, Tomas" uniqKey="Robyns T" first="Tomas" last="Robyns">Tomas Robyns</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University Hospitals Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Probst, Vincent" sort="Probst, Vincent" uniqKey="Probst V" first="Vincent" last="Probst">Vincent Probst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">l'Institut du thorax, Service de Cardiologie du CHU de Nantes, Hopital Nord, Nantes Cedex, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>l'Institut du thorax, Service de Cardiologie du CHU de Nantes, Hopital Nord, Nantes Cedex</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nantes Cedex</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Nantes Cedex</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Bahr, Eric" sort="Schulze Bahr, Eric" uniqKey="Schulze Bahr E" first="Eric" last="Schulze-Bahr">Eric Schulze-Bahr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Münster</region><settlement type="city">Münster</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Remme, Carol Ann" sort="Remme, Carol Ann" uniqKey="Remme C" first="Carol Ann" last="Remme">Carol Ann Remme</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilde, Arthur A M" sort="Wilde, Arthur A M" uniqKey="Wilde A" first="Arthur A. 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Wu</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Postema, Pieter G" sort="Postema, Pieter G" uniqKey="Postema P" first="Pieter G." last="Postema">Pieter G. Postema</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arbelo, Elena" sort="Arbelo, Elena" uniqKey="Arbelo E" first="Elena" last="Arbelo">Elena Arbelo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Arrhythmia Section, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona. Barcelona (Spain).IDIBAPS, Institut d’Investigació August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Barcelona (Spain).Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid (Spain)</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Madrid (Spain)</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Behr, Elijah R" sort="Behr, Elijah R" uniqKey="Behr E" first="Elijah R." last="Behr">Elijah R. Behr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s University of London and St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s University of London and St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bezzina, Connie R" sort="Bezzina, Connie R" uniqKey="Bezzina C" first="Connie R." last="Bezzina">Connie R. Bezzina</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Napolitano, Carlo" sort="Napolitano, Carlo" uniqKey="Napolitano C" first="Carlo" last="Napolitano">Carlo Napolitano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Molecular Cardiology and Medicine Division, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Cardiology and Medicine Division, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pavia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robyns, Tomas" sort="Robyns, Tomas" uniqKey="Robyns T" first="Tomas" last="Robyns">Tomas Robyns</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University Hospitals Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Probst, Vincent" sort="Probst, Vincent" uniqKey="Probst V" first="Vincent" last="Probst">Vincent Probst</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">l'Institut du thorax, Service de Cardiologie du CHU de Nantes, Hopital Nord, Nantes Cedex, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>l'Institut du thorax, Service de Cardiologie du CHU de Nantes, Hopital Nord, Nantes Cedex</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nantes Cedex</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Nantes Cedex</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schulze Bahr, Eric" sort="Schulze Bahr, Eric" uniqKey="Schulze Bahr E" first="Eric" last="Schulze-Bahr">Eric Schulze-Bahr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Münster</region><settlement type="city">Münster</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Remme, Carol Ann" sort="Remme, Carol Ann" uniqKey="Remme C" first="Carol Ann" last="Remme">Carol Ann Remme</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilde, Arthur A M" sort="Wilde, Arthur A M" uniqKey="Wilde A" first="Arthur A. M." last="Wilde">Arthur A. M. Wilde</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARDHEART; http://guardheart.ern-net.eu)</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">European Cardiac Arrhythmia genetics focus group of EHRA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Heart Rhythm</title><idno type="ISSN">1547-5271</idno><idno type="eISSN">1556-3871</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Ever since the first case was reported at the end of 2019, the SARS-COV-2 virus and associated lung disease COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and has become a pandemic. In particular, the high transmission rate of the virus has made it a threat to public health globally. Currently, there is no proven effective therapy against the virus, and the impact on other diseases is also uncertain, especially inherited arrhythmia syndrome.</p><p>Arrhythmogenic effect of COVID-19 can be expected, potentially contributing to disease outcome. This may be of importance for patients with an increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias, either secondary to acquired conditions or co-morbidities or consequent to inherited syndromes. Management of patients with inherited arrhythmia syndromes such as Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Short QT syndrome and Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic may prove particularly challenging. Depending on the inherited defect involved, these patients may be susceptible to pro-arrhythmic effects of COVID-19-related issues such as fever, stress, electrolyte disturbances and use of antiviral drugs. We here describe the potential COVID-19 associated risks and therapeutic considerations for patients with distinct inherited arrhythmia syndromes and provide recommendations, pending local possibilities, for their monitoring and management during this pandemic.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D">D. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, B" uniqKey="Hu B">B. Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, C" uniqKey="Hu C">C. Hu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, J F" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F. Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, S" uniqKey="Yuan S">S. 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Ishiguchi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bellamy, D" uniqKey="Bellamy D">D. Bellamy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nuthall, G" uniqKey="Nuthall G">G. Nuthall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dalziel, S" uniqKey="Dalziel S">S. Dalziel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skinner, J R" uniqKey="Skinner J">J.R. Skinner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Belgique</li><li>France</li><li>Italie</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>District de Münster</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li><li>Londres</li><li>Münster</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Amsterdam</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Arbelo, Elena" sort="Arbelo, Elena" uniqKey="Arbelo E" first="Elena" last="Arbelo">Elena Arbelo</name></noCountry><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Wu, Cheng I" sort="Wu, Cheng I" uniqKey="Wu C" first="Cheng-I." last="Wu">Cheng-I. Wu</name></region><name sortKey="Bezzina, Connie R" sort="Bezzina, Connie R" uniqKey="Bezzina C" first="Connie R." last="Bezzina">Connie R. Bezzina</name><name sortKey="Postema, Pieter G" sort="Postema, Pieter G" uniqKey="Postema P" first="Pieter G." last="Postema">Pieter G. Postema</name><name sortKey="Remme, Carol Ann" sort="Remme, Carol Ann" uniqKey="Remme C" first="Carol Ann" last="Remme">Carol Ann Remme</name><name sortKey="Wilde, Arthur A M" sort="Wilde, Arthur A M" uniqKey="Wilde A" first="Arthur A. M." last="Wilde">Arthur A. M. Wilde</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Behr, Elijah R" sort="Behr, Elijah R" uniqKey="Behr E" first="Elijah R." last="Behr">Elijah R. Behr</name></region></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Napolitano, Carlo" sort="Napolitano, Carlo" uniqKey="Napolitano C" first="Carlo" last="Napolitano">Carlo Napolitano</name></noRegion></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Robyns, Tomas" sort="Robyns, Tomas" uniqKey="Robyns T" first="Tomas" last="Robyns">Tomas Robyns</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Probst, Vincent" sort="Probst, Vincent" uniqKey="Probst V" first="Vincent" last="Probst">Vincent Probst</name></noRegion></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie"><name sortKey="Schulze Bahr, Eric" sort="Schulze Bahr, Eric" uniqKey="Schulze Bahr E" first="Eric" last="Schulze-Bahr">Eric Schulze-Bahr</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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